Baboy’s Abstract JABS Vol. 76

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Journal of Applied Biosciences (J. Appl. Biosci.) [ISSN 1997 – 5902]

Volume 76: 6326 – 6337  Published April  30, 2014.

Problématique de la valorisation agricole des biodéchets dans la ville de Lubumbashi : identification des acteurs, pratiques et caractérisation des déchets utilisés en maraîchage.

*Useni Sikuzani Yannick1, Baboy Longanza Louis1&2, Kanyenga Lubobo Antoine1, Assani Bin Lukangila1, Mbuyi Kabengele Matthieu1*, Kasanda Mukendi Nathan1, Mbayo Kyongo Longo Jerry3, Mpundu Mubemba Michel1, Nyembo Kimuni Luciens1

1 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP 1825 Lubumbashi, RD Congo ;
2 École interfacultaire de bioingénieurs, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique ;
3 Ecole supérieure des Ingénieurs Industriels, Université de Lubumbashi, BP 1825 Lubumbashi, RD Congo
Auteur correspondant : yannickuseni@gmail.com, +243813666582

Original submitted in on 13th January 2014. Published online at www.m.elewa.org on 30th April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v76i1.5

RESUME

Objectifs : une enquête a été initiée en vue de décrire le profil des maraichers, la variabilité des pratiques liée à cette activité et l’analyse des valeurs fertilisantes relatives à chacun des types des biodechets utilisée en agriculture urbaine.
Méthodologie et résultats : La détermination du profil des acteurs était soumise à une analyse en composante principale (ACP) alors que les paramètres réunis autour de la pratique de maraîchage ont été analysés par le test khi deux. Par ailleurs, la composition physico-chimique des différents types de biodechets a été analysée pour en ressortir la valeur fertilisante relative. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les maraichers de Lubumbashi sont essentiellement des femmes mariées, âgés de plus de 18 ans, actrices de carrière et ne possédant pas de titre foncier. La moitié des biodéchets utilisés était des fumiers de poule et accessoirement le fumier de porc, obtenus par achat. Les maraichers préfèrent une application à l’état brut, qu’ils enfouissent dans le sol. En épandant les biodéchets au sol, 33 % des maraichers s’attendent à une augmentation de productivité et une amélioration des propriétés physico-chimiques du sol contre 48,3 % à l’amélioration de l’aspect végétatif des légumes et l’augmentation de rendement. La composition des types de biodéchets a varié en fonction des éléments considérés, tout comme le rapport C/N qui leurs est associé.
Conclusion et application de la recherche : La gestion des déchets urbains constituant un problème majeur dans les pays en développement, l’identification des contraintes à leur valorisation en agriculture urbaine présente une perspective intéressante et une réponse aux agriculteurs.

Mots-clés : Agriculture urbaine, valorisation, biodéchets, maraichers, Lubumbashi

ABSTRACT
Issue of agricultural use of bio-waste in the city of Lubumbashi: identification of stakeholders, practices and waste characterization.

Objectives: An investigation was initiated to describe the profile of the stakeholders, the variability of the practices and analysis of the fertilizing values for each type of biowaste used in urban agriculture. Methodology and results: Determining the profile of the stakeholders was subjected to principal component analysis (PCA), while the parameters gathered around the practice of gardening were analyzed by chi-square test. Moreover, the physico- chemical composition of different types of bio-waste was analyzed to highlight the fertilizer relative value. The results obtained show that the market gardeners of Lubumbashi are mainly married women, aged over 18, and having no land title. Half of biowaste used was chicken manure and pig manure, obtained by purchase and come from the farms. The market gardeners prefer an application in the rough, they burrow into the soil. By spreading biowaste in soil, 33% market gardeners expect increased productivity and improved physico- chemical properties of soil against 48.3% to improve the vegetative aspect of vegetables and increasing yield. The composition of the types of biowaste has varied depending on the elements considered, like that their associated C/N ratio.
Conclusion and application: The urban waste management constitutes a major problem in developing countries, identifying constraints to their development in urban agriculture presents an interesting perspective and a response to farmers.

Keywords: Urban Agriculture, valorization, biowaste, market gardeners, Lubumbashi


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