Journal of Applied Biosciences (J. Appl. Biosci.) [ISSN 1997 – 5902]
Volume 78: 6763 – 6770 Published June 30, 2014
Acute toxicity of monocalm 400sl (monocrotophos) and profenalm 720ec (profenofos) on Oreochromis niloticus (linnaeus, 1758)
*Vroumsia Toua, Moussa Djaouda, Feudjio Césaire, Mmae Jacques Patrick, Vroumsia,
University of Maroua, Higher Teachers’ Training College, PO Box 55 Maroua, Cameroon.
* Corresponding author, E-mail: tvroumsia@yahoo.fr
Original submitted in on 6th March 2014. Published online at www.m.elewa.org on 30thJune 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v78i1.16
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed at assessing acute toxicity of Monocalm 400SL (monocrotophos) and Profenalm 720EC (profenofos), two organophosphorous pesticides widely used in the Far North region of Cameroon, to fight against insects and mites parasitizing cotton, rice, maize, sorghum, beans and potatoes.
Methodology and results: A 48 h static acute toxicity test was carried out, to determine the LC50 of commercial formulations of monocrotophos (Monocalm 400SL) and profenofos (Profenalm 720EC) on the freshwater Oreochromis niloticus and its behaviours, during the exposition. The fishes were exposed to increasing concentrations of the two pesticides, in a non-renewed medium. The numbers of dead fishes were recorded, after 48 h and the behaviours observed, during the exposition. The 48h-LC50 values, estimated by probit analysis, were of 20.42 and 0.046 mgL-1, for monocrotophos and profenofos, respectively. Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) means were of 10 and 0.02 mgL-1, for monocrotophos and profenofos, respectively. Elsewhere, fish behaviours such as slow opercular movements, loss of balance, increased surfacing activities, loss of pigmentation; increased aggression and erratic swimming were observed, during exposition to the pesticides.
Conclusion and application of results: Monocrotophos was found to be slightly toxic and profenophos highly toxic to Oreochromis niloticus. Water contamination with these products can represent a great threat for fish and aquatic invertebrates. So it is recommended to apply these pesticides with caution.
Key words: Acute toxicity, LC50, monocrotophos, profenofos, Oreochromis niloticus.
* Corresponding author, E-mail: tvroumsia@yahoo.fr
Original submitted in on 6th March 2014. Published online at www.m.elewa.org on 30thJune 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v78i1.16
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed at assessing acute toxicity of Monocalm 400SL (monocrotophos) and Profenalm 720EC (profenofos), two organophosphorous pesticides widely used in the Far North region of Cameroon, to fight against insects and mites parasitizing cotton, rice, maize, sorghum, beans and potatoes.
Methodology and results: A 48 h static acute toxicity test was carried out, to determine the LC50 of commercial formulations of monocrotophos (Monocalm 400SL) and profenofos (Profenalm 720EC) on the freshwater Oreochromis niloticus and its behaviours, during the exposition. The fishes were exposed to increasing concentrations of the two pesticides, in a non-renewed medium. The numbers of dead fishes were recorded, after 48 h and the behaviours observed, during the exposition. The 48h-LC50 values, estimated by probit analysis, were of 20.42 and 0.046 mgL-1, for monocrotophos and profenofos, respectively. Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) means were of 10 and 0.02 mgL-1, for monocrotophos and profenofos, respectively. Elsewhere, fish behaviours such as slow opercular movements, loss of balance, increased surfacing activities, loss of pigmentation; increased aggression and erratic swimming were observed, during exposition to the pesticides.
Conclusion and application of results: Monocrotophos was found to be slightly toxic and profenophos highly toxic to Oreochromis niloticus. Water contamination with these products can represent a great threat for fish and aquatic invertebrates. So it is recommended to apply these pesticides with caution.
Key words: Acute toxicity, LC50, monocrotophos, profenofos, Oreochromis niloticus.
FULL PAPER [PDF AVAILABLE HERE]
I was suggested this web site by my cousin. I am not sure whether this post is written by him as no one else know such detailed about my difficulty. You’re incredible! Thanks!
wow gold style and wonderful.
This is a comment to the admin. Your Vroumsia’s Abstract JABS Vol. 78 | ELEWA BIOSCIENCES website is missing out on at least 300 visitors per day. I have found a company which offers to dramatically increase your visitors to your website: http://bikin.link/15 They offer 500 free visitors during their free trial period and I managed to get over 15,000 visitors per month using their services, you could also get lot more targeted traffic than you have now. Hope this helps 🙂 Take care.
http://www.brendabears.com/images/nikese/netinnet.asp Nike Free Run Rea
Pingback: ehjjgwbm
Good day! I just want to offer you a huge thumbs up for the great info you’ve got here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your web site for more soon.
http://www.tangentlitservices.com/images/nikese/offerant.asp Air Jordan 5
http://www.brendabears.com/images/nikese/fotbollsskor2015.asp billiga fotbollströjor
My partner and I absolutely love your blog and find nearly all of your post’s to be just what I’m looking for. can you offer guest writers to write content for yourself? I wouldn’t mind publishing a post or elaborating on a few of the subjects you write related to here. Again, awesome web log!
My spouse and i still can not quite believe I could end up being one of those reading the important ideas found on this blog. My family and I are truly thankful for your generosity and for offering me the advantage to|the chance to} pursue my personal chosen career path. Thank you for the important information I got from your site.
You are a very smart person!
Great
You are my inhalation, I possess few web logs and rarely run out from brand :).
I enjoy wow gold. Nonetheless ever since the application turned into a Teenager fad, I feel occasional remaining a 35 years old for the nearby mall providing all of these. I really do enjoy contentment . . . however I am a Seven 1/2 and i get yourself a Seven. sz 6 is simply too sizeable not to mention confusing. The actual 5 perhaps try to make my best ft check too large when i want to advise all those different Seven 1/2 in addition to plus families…feet may giant however, you is going to be soooo wonderful. A high level Several 1/2 and your Subsequent digital is larger as opposed to your first much like me -and bought your Six ( space ) you will need to blow in the suffering up until burglary. I became the techniques in the regular sewing to the rear calf in the event that those people came out around Five-years backwards. We are scheduled for someone else and i am lost what shade as well as design might most likely make everybody definitely not appear as if every other little bopper in the local mall!
japon. Eisenberg sthey montré avons inclus les commandants de marché doubler le prix de succès dans leur propre multi-personnelle.C’est un travail difficile à partager avec tous ceux d’autres trucs du monde à rendre nos corps maintenant énorme et par conséquent unique Eisenberg décrit. Ils gardent à l’esprit qu’ils peuvent faire une modification de leur corps humain de l’ordinateur »
uggs black friday http://jimfranklinlive.com/
Received item fast..smooth transaction
balenciaga handbags replica uk http://www.happy-garten.com/Balenciaga/
I do agree with all the ideas you’ve presented for your post. They are really convincing and will certainly work. Nonetheless, the posts are too brief for novices. May you please lengthen them a little from next time? Thank you for the post.
Attractive component to content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to claim that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your weblog posts. Anyway I will be subscribing for your augment and even I success you get right of entry to constantly rapidly.
Outstanding post, you have pointed out some good points, I besides conceive this is a very good website.
Real nice pattern and fantastic written content, hardly anything else we require :D.
http://www.alwayslearn.com/nikeuk/kd6gs.aspWholesale Nike KD VI GS
Its wonderful as your other content :D, regards for putting up.
ugg boots sale http://uggbootssale.0rg.name
I together with my buddies have already been reviewing the good key points found on the website and then quickly got a horrible feeling I never expressed respect to the site owner for those strategies. My ladies were certainly stimulated to study all of them and already have absolutely been taking advantage of those things. Appreciate your indeed being simply considerate and then for obtaining this sort of important topics most people are really desperate to understand about. Our own sincere apologies for not saying thanks to you sooner.
ugg australia classic tall boot http://uggaustraliaclassictallboot.0rg.name
Lovely just what I was searching for. Thanks to the author for taking his time on this one.
We wish to thank you again for the wonderful ideas you offered Jeremy when preparing a post-graduate research and also, most importantly, regarding providing all the ideas in one blog post. In case we had been aware of your web page a year ago, i’d have been rescued from the needless measures we were selecting. Thanks to you.
I like this web site very much, Its a rattling nice post to read and receive info.
Some genuinely nice stuff on this web site, I love it.
Nice read, I just passed this onto a friend who was doing some research on that. And he just bought me lunch since I found it for him smile Therefore let me rephrase that: Thank you for lunch!
Wow! Thank you! I continuously needed to write on my blog something like that. Can I include a portion of your post to my website?
michael kors uk http://michaelkorsuk.macymalls.com
You actually make it seem so easy along with your presentation but I in finding this topic to be actually one thing that I feel I’d by no means understand. It kind of feels too complex and very wide for me. I am having a look ahead for your subsequent put up, I’ll try to get the grasp of it!
michael kors canada http://michaelkorscanada.macymalls.com
I’ll right away snatch your rss as I can’t in finding your e-mail subscription hyperlink or e-newsletter service. Do you’ve any? Please permit me understand in order that I may subscribe. Thanks.
michael kors crossbody http://michaelkorscrossbody.macymalls.com
I have been exploring for a bit for any high quality articles or blog posts in this kind of space . Exploring in Yahoo I finally stumbled upon this web site. Studying this info So i’m satisfied to convey that I have a very excellent uncanny feeling I came upon just what I needed. I such a lot indisputably will make certain to do not forget this site and provides it a glance regularly.
michael kors sandals http://michaelkorssandals.macymalls.com
You really make it appear so easy with your presentation but I to find this topic to be really something that I think I would never understand. It kind of feels too complex and extremely extensive for me. I’m having a look forward in your next submit, I will attempt to get the dangle of it!
michael kors womens watches http://michaelkorswomenswatches.macymalls.com
I am glad to be a visitor of this everlasting blog, thank you for this rare information!
michael kors hamilton http://michaelkorshamilton.macymalls.com
I was just looking for this information for a while. After 6 hours of continuous Googleing, finally I got it in your website. I wonder what is the lack of Google strategy that don’t rank this kind of informative web sites in top of the list. Usually the top web sites are full of garbage.
michael kors crossbody http://michaelkorscrossbody.macymalls.com
Very interesting points you have observed, regards for putting up.
michael kors sunglasses http://michaelkorssunglasses.macymalls.com